Queen Isabella I Essay - 1198 Words

She was born into a family of a long line of royal decedents. She became Queen at the age of twenty four. She was the first women to be on an US commutative coin. Who is this very accomplished person? Queen Isabella. Bold and daring, Queen Isabella accomplished many things in her thirty years of rein as Queen of Castile and Aragon. Queen Isabella was born on April 22, 1451 in Madrigal, Old Castile. Her mother was Isabella of Portugal and her dad was John the II of Castile. Her mom and dad were King and Queen of Castile. She had two brothers, Alfonzo and Henry (â€Å"Isabella of Castile† par13). At the age of three Isabella’s father died. After his death He4nry became King of Castile. A few years after he was crowned King he sent†¦show more content†¦When they finally got married it stopped many feud between Castile and Argon. For that reason it brought peace to the land (â€Å"Isabella of Castile† par1). Five years after their marriage, Henry d ied on December 10, 1474. Days later Isabella became Queen of Castile. Everything was great in Castile and Aragon till Ferdinand’s father died in 1479. Isabella and Ferdinand where then named King and Queen of Aragon (â€Å"Isabella of castile† par 18). During their rein as King and Queen they had five children. They had four daughters, Juana, Catherine, Maria, and Isabella. In their life they only had one son, John. Sadly he died at a young age in 1497 (Foster 32). They now had a tough decision for who would be the heir to the throne. After a long while they chose Juana because her son was born on the eve of St. Mathis (Foster 285). Seven years after her son died, Isabella died on November 1504. She died in Medina del Campo due to an unknown reason. Later after her husband died he was laid to rest with her in Alhambra (â€Å"Queen Isabella I par2). Never the less Isabella left this world with accomplishing many things. One of the things she is known for i s the Spanish Inquisition. An Inquisition is a hunt to find non-Christians and convert them or make them leave. Tomas de Torquemada was the person who told Isabella that she could not run a country with religious differences. In order to keep her country strong she reestablished theShow MoreRelatedThe Discovery Of The Bahamas1522 Words   |  7 Pages As far as I can recall my existing knowledge from kindergarten to high school, Columbus has always been described as a heroic figure who overcame countless obstacles fearlessly and finally found the â€Å"New World.† For a long time, there were numerous authors, poets, and painters praising Columbus’s legendary journey and his extraordinary contribution to mankind. However, after reading â€Å"The Discovery of the Bahamas,† the sailing logs written by Columbus, I figured that Columbus may not be such a manRead MoreSpain Before the Golden Age: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella 933 Words   |  4 PagesAge? King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella ruled the kingdoms that eventually became the country of Spain. Ferdinand and Isabella were intent on having a kingdom free of any faith other than Christianity. Many people were killed or even banished from the country. King Ferdinand and Isabella moved their kingdom into a great age for Spain, but did not achieve this in the best way. The marriage of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella joined their family’s two kingdoms. Queen Isabella was the daughter of KingRead MoreChristopher Columbus : The True Agenda Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesimpossible. After being humiliated and discouraged, Columbus attempted to convince King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain. But after his first meeting with the king and queen of Spain to discuss the journey he wished to make, both the king and queen found themselves with many unanswered questions. Fortunately for Columbus they did not reject his proposal. In fact, it is commonly known that Queen Isabella was rather impressed with Columbus’s presentation and it is believed that she persuaded her husbandRead MoreSpanish Reconquista And The Formation Of Spanish National Identity1654 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding of Spain as it is understood today did not exist. It was because of the Christianisation of the peninsula and the Reconquista that Iberia was reimagine d as something more similar to what we understand today as Spain and Portugal. In this essay I intend to explain how this happened, which historical figures were key to this event and what perception there is today of the whole process and their precursors. The Reconquista is a process of Christianization of the Iberian Peninsula that startedRead MoreChristopher Columbus Seeking a Royal Sponsorship896 Words   |  4 Pageshe was working on. Christopher Columbus managed to escape on an ore, and floated for days until he reached the Portuguese coast. Portugal was the leader of ocean navigation during this time and this was a perfect place for Columbus. In this biography I plan on talking about how Christopher Columbus planned on seeking a royal sponsorship on his outrageous plan to discover a new route to China, but instead he stumbles upon a new world. Now Christopher Columbus is starting to contemplate this ideaRead MoreChristopher Columbus And The Columbus898 Words   |  4 Pagesgrade school, I was taught this rhyme to learn about Christopher Columbus. Most of what I learned about Christopher Columbus then, was that he thought the world was round (and others didn’t); and that he wanted to sail to India, but messed up, and landed in America, calling the natives â€Å"Indians.† As I grew older, I learned a little bit more about Columbus’s trips to the Americas. I was told that Christopher Columbus wasn’t as nice of a person as I was taught when I was younger. I learned that Columbus’Read MoreThe Life of Katherine of Aragon1465 Words   |  6 PagesKatherine of Aragon is famous for being the first of Henry VIII’s many wives, the one who fought back and defended her papally sanctioned marriage; the mother of Mary I; and the daughter of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon, founders of the kingdom of Espaà ±a. These facts place her in the position of a traditional sixteenth century woman by defining her as wife, mother, and daughter. In these roles, many women have been overlooked as the subject of their own study, and it certainly makesRead MoreColonization of the New World3463 Words   |  14 Pagesclaimed that what he proposed was impossible and after years of disappointment and broken promises he was finally compelled to turn to Spain for provision. He appealed to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella. They were intrigued despite all their adviser’s and seamen s claims that it was impossible. Isabella and Ferdinand desired to break the Italian monopoly on spices and goods from the east and despite being skeptical decided to support the venture. Little did they know at the time the impactRead MoreLiterary Analysis : From Of Plymouth Plantation By Christopher Columbus904 Words   |  4 PagesJournals for example, like â€Å"From Of Plymouth plantation† show the reader what the thoughts of the author were at the time of the writing; letters are written with a sense of urgency and a desire for something. The letter written to King Ferdinand and Queen Elizabeth by Christopher Columbus shows the reader how desperate Christopher Columbus is to be freed. Authors who use poems to convey their message are allowed a greater quantity of freedom over the aforementioned types of texts. The use of repetitionRead MoreChristopher Columbus s `` The Harp And The Shadow `` Essay1927 Words   |  8 PagesHe begins â€Å"The Hand† chapter immediately with Christopher Columbus on his deathbed, ready to confess the sins he has committed in his lifetime: â€Å"Since I already have one foot in the grave, I’ll use the time to marshal my thoughts, because I’m going to have to talk for a long time to say what I have to say, and I’m more daunted, perhaps, by how much I have experienced than by my illness itself†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Carpentier 35). Alejo Carpentier harshly makes accusations about Christopher Columbus’s lies to get his

The Current Condition of Native Americans Essay - 812 Words

The Current Condition of Native Americans When you think of Native Americans, do you just think of what happened to them in the past, or do you think of how they live today and how they are viewed by the people around them? You probably do not think of how the Native Americans are viewed today. There are many Indian organizations out there that help the Native Americans improve their lifestyle and how they live. There has been an expansion in the Indian population since they have been put on land and not been threatened. The population has grown and the education has gone way up. More Indians have had schooling and will continue to learn as they get older. With the education increased and more Native Americans going on to†¦show more content†¦If even a quarter of the 5 million people decide to reclaim their Indian heritage, there would be a tremendous growth in the population of Native Americans without an increase in birth rates. Of the 1.9 million Native Americans, 637,000 are living on reservations or Trus t Lands. There are 46,000 living in the New York, Long Island, New Jersey, and Connecticut metropolitan areas. Native Americans are also spread out to other major cities. In Chicago there are 15,000 Indians, in Los Angeles there are 87,000 Indians, and in San Francisco there are 40,000 Native Americans. Those are just the largest groups of natives in major cities. Now, more than half of the Indian population live in six states: Oklahoma, California, Arizona, New Mexico, Alaska, and Washington (Thomas, Internet). Movies and novels that have come out recently, have made Native Americans the favorable people in the stories. This could change the views of the whole population and the views of the younger generations coming up in the world. Education has developed in the Native American societies and there has been a major increase in the college attendance. The increase in college attendances mean that more students are taking the SATs in schools now more than before. ‘In 1976, only 2,662 students took the SATs, and then in 1989 18,000 took the tests, and finally 103,000 Native Americans took the SATs inShow MoreRelatedRhymes For Young Ghouls And Chris Eyres Smoke Signals Analysis1596 Words   |  7 PagesBarnaby’s Rhymes for Young Ghouls and Chris Eyre’s Smoke Signals are films that try to fracture the stereotypical Indian image that has persisted since the beginning of the Hollywood industry. Written and directed by Native American filmmakers, both stories comment on the condition of indigenous people in and outside the United States by confronting topics on poverty, death, drugs, alcoholism, and parent abandonment. While released almost a decade apart from one another, both cinemas follow the similarRead MoreThe American Of The United States1095 Words   |  5 Pagesof manifest destiny in full fledged in the 19th century, the United States government made it their mission to expend from the east coast all the way to the west coast. Unfortunately the lands they wanted to expand into were already claimed by the natives that settled there centuries before. In order to deal with this obstacle, The united states’ government used many strategies to combat what was referred to as the ‘indian problem’ including: confiscating their lands, relocating the to reservationsRead MoreThe Report Of The Mississippi River931 Words   |  4 Pageswildlife, such as ducks, geese, swans and wading birds. These animals utilized the river as a flyway and played above the river. Human beings did not enter this area until Native Americans had battles with intruders. The upper reaches of the Mississippi River have plenty of wetlands, which supports the basic living conditions for animals. Furthermore, the major meaning for first inhabitants was a location to settle down near the Mississippi river, because they were chased by the attackers. AfterRead MoreDiversity And America’S Social Debt With Ethnic Minorit ies.1697 Words   |  7 Pageswelfare of all Americans and their Human Rights have been a priority for the State. However, ethnic groups especially Native and African Americans, in this sense, seem to be the exception to the rule. Native and African Americans have been historically recipients of discriminatory treatment, and their victimization within the evolution of Human Rights in the US leaves a lot to be desired. This paper will argue that the US possesses a social debt with the Native and African Americans due to abuse andRead MoreNative Americans : Past And Present Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesNative Americans : Past and Present Under the advisement of President Andrew Jackson, the United States of America was looking to stretch its borders west, past Mississippi and further to the South. Of the many events that took place to obtain this goal, the United States is claimed to have committed a great genocide of the Native American people who lived in the area they wished to own. This wrong doing to the people who were here before the colonist of the United States has continued into theRead MoreThe Impacts Of African Americans And Native Americans921 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the 1550’s to the 1850’s the African Americans and Native Americans being enslaved was very catastrophic but greatly benefitted the Europeans. In some ways however the effects of it were good for the African Americans, in such a way that it brought the race together and eventually made people realize that they are the same as everybody else. Same for the Europeans, although at that time it benefitted most of them, the effects could also be very bad, in a way that it brought the civilRead MoreThe Fight For Native American Rights1573 Words   |  7 PagesFight for Native American Rights and the Restoration of Native American Culture For longer than we care to admit, as European Americans, racism has been a significant and controversial part of our identity. Every race and culture new to the United States has experienced unique stereotypes and discrimination, and although these issues have for the large part been amended, racism and racist tendencies have yet to be completely eradicated from our nature. The most prevalent in today’s American societyRead MoreSherman Alexie s A Native American859 Words   |  4 Pagesnegatively affected the Native American people’s culture, politics, religion, economy, and population. Sherman Alexie’s This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona is a story about the suffering, current social problems, and hope for a new beginning for the Native American people. Alexie, a Native American himself, skillfully narrates Victor and Thomas’s journey to recover Victor father’s ashes from Phoenix, Arizona, reflecting on the many challenges and difficulties from Native Americans inside the reservationsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Days Of Destruction By Chris Hedges And Joe Sacco870 Words   |  4 Pagesinto some of the United States most impoverished areas, some not only the most impoverished towns in the U.S. but also in the western hemisphere. The town of Pine Ridge, South Dakota acts as an example of the long-standing marginalization of Native Americans conducted by the U.S. government, which has been taking place for over a hundred and fifty years. The ramifications of the policies put into effect by the U.S. government can still be seen in present time in this small reservation town. WhileRead MoreMental Health Is A Never Ending Concern For The American Population Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesMental Health is a never-ending c oncern for the American population due to the lack of data. This lack of date fails to give accurate information and better understanding on seeing how suffers of mental health illness is being addressed. Due to the unpredictability of when a mental illness may strike would be the leading factor to fully link how to predict and quickly find corrective resources to better educated, or reach the right people to better manage their mental health. Therefore, many communities

Ketchup campaign seeks to expand ketchup Free Essays

The message ‘ketchup zaroori’ is aimed at communicating the same. We have not Just said ‘ketchup zaroorl’, we have said ‘National Ketchup zaroorl’ hence our campaign Is not promoting the category but the National Ketchup brand specifically. † On promoting the 100g sachet to end consumers: â€Å"We have had the 100g sachet for a long time but have never promoted it before. We will write a custom essay sample on Ketchup campaign seeks to expand ketchup or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our sachet SKUs (log and 100g) are generally used and distributed by hotels, estaurants and fast food chains. However we want to encourage impulse buying for this SKU and thus promoted it to the general consumer. Showing this SKU in the lunch boxes of kids is based on the insights we gathered from a LJA study we conducted across Pakistan whereby we learned that mothers often put these sachets in their kids’ lunch boxes. † On out of home and inside home ketchup consumption habits: â€Å"The sachet SKUs are generally consumed out of home as they are easy to carry on the go. The bottle and pouch are consumed inside the home and often in arty and dinner settings. A word from the agency – Umair Shams, Account Manager, IAL Saatchi ; Saatchi On changing consumer behaviour for ketchup: â€Å"There Is a simple consumer truth In this category: Pakistanis are obsessed with condiments. However, tnere Is a speclTlc conolmenvsauce tnat goes wltn eacn T example imli chutney is consumed with dahl baray, zeera raita with pulao etc. We wanted the Pakistani consumer to make an exception w hen it comes to National Ketchup and pour it on anything and everything. Therefore, National Ketchup being the market leader has attempted to expand the usage and frequency of ketchup by showing a variety of snacks and foods that ketchup can be consumed with. The strategy was to show that ketchup is one versatile condiment, and when it’s National Ketchup, there really are no rules. † On the campaign Jingle: â€Å"The Jingle is composed and sung by Shula Hyder from Speed of Sound. Hyder has developed great music for National Foods over the years which includes AaJ Yeh Kounsa Mehmaan Aaya and Rung Bharti Jao. â€Å" How to cite Ketchup campaign seeks to expand ketchup, Papers

Project Risk and Reward free essay sample

There are many tools that can be used in this phase. Among those tools, the problem definition tool, the problem tree tool, and the IS-IS NOT tool are all examples that may have been used during this phase, because they help define what the project need is. Then the planning phase was conceptualized. This phase is responsible for establishing the scope of the project, defining objectives and the course of action. It took place during 1920s to pacify the Colorado River because of the constant flooding of the Imperial Valley. The planning phase took over 15 years. Tools that may have been used in this phase might include the information gathering plan, the organizational structure tool, and the information matrix tool. â€Å"These tools provide information such as team member responsibilities, quality control tests, and other information that is crucial to the success of the project. † (Office Design Concepts, n. d. ) The third phase of the project is the execution phase. In this phase, the processes that were agreed upon in the planning phase are performed. The processes of building Boulder City up to the completion of the dam were included in this phase. Tools that would be useful in this phase would be the ghant chart tool, the project communication plan, and the project contract. These are all useful tools because they help lay out time lines, communication expectations, and stakeholder expectations. The monitoring phase is the fourth phase of the project. This phase tracks, and reviews the progress of the project, to help regulate the standards of quality. This phase was actually done throughout the execution phase, by inspection of the setting concrete and the monitoring of tunneling standard of the period. One of the tools that would be useful in this project is the Pareto tool. The Pareto tool lists all the defects that occurred by frequency from most frequent to least frequent. This helps to identify where the greatest problem areas occurred. The final phase of the project is the closing phase. This phase takes place after all the other phases are completed. The phase is usually identified with change management, and the signing off by the stakeholders of the project. The tool that would be most useful in this phase is the stakeholder communication plan. This is useful because it allows the project team to get feedback from the stakeholders. The feedback can be used for future use as a â€Å"lessons learned† tool, and can also help decide whether to undertake a similar project in the future. Overview Even with todays standards, the construction of the Hoover Dam is considered a mega project. When the dam was completed, it was the world’s largest project made with concrete. The construction project is also the largest public works project in US history. To this day it is still a great engineering feat. After fifteen years of planning, the project broke ground during the middle of the Great Depression in 1931. This made it easy to find to workers. The construction took five years to complete. The average crew had about 3500 men that worked daily. 21,000 individuals that worked on the dam worked over this period. The first job was to divert the river. (Hoover Dam Info, n. d. ) It was done in two stages. The first part was done by building two cofferdams to prevent flooding. The second part was to â€Å"divert the water around the construction site† (Hydraulic Ram Pumps Textbook, n. d. ) using diversion tunnels. While the diversion phase started, another phase to prepare the canyon walls to hold the new dam began by removing loose rocks with dynamite and bulldozers. The rocks that were removed were then used in the building of the cofferdams. The dam is a massive 725 feet high, and produces over 2000 megawatts of power. Besides being a dam that creates electrical power, it also provides a great recreational area for outdoorsmen, Lake Mead. The lake is named after the dam’s project manager, Elwood Mead who became a giant in the engineering industry for finishing this historic feat. The Problems As with any project, there are a number of issues that occurred during the construction. Things like having a construction site near the desert, concrete issues, and having little housing, food, or goods available for site workers. Before construction could get started certain concerns had to be met. The first concern was the housing shortage. The area was deserted, rough and hot, with an average temperature reaching 119 degrees in the summer and the thermometer dropping below freezing in the winter. With the Great Depression not showing an end in sight, every type of worker imaginable rushed to the dam project. It was then Boulder City was erected. The city development housed both government and contract employees. When Boulder City was completed in 1932 it had large dorms for single men to reside, and 1-3 room buildings for men with families. Once the city was completed, a highway was built from the city to the construction site. Along with the highway, a railroad that reached from Las Vegas, Nevada to Boulder City was created. The thick concrete has its own set of problems. As the dam height increased, a new mixing plant need to be constructed. Instead of pouring a single block of concrete, the dam was built in sections of individual columns. It resembled a trapezoidal in shape, and the columns were built in five foot sections. One of the problems that this created is that to produce the level of strength the concrete required, dry mixed concrete needed to be used. Using this type of concrete was difficult because it left very little time for it to be moved from the mixing plant to the dam. This meant that if took too much time for the concrete to reach where it needed to be poured; the concrete would initially set still in dump buckets, and would have to be removed by chipping it out by hand. The construction solved this problem by paying the crane operators higher wages and having them lead teams of seven, to make sure the buckets made it to the right place. The buckets would be lifted and lowered into place by overhead cranes. There were a total of nine cranes used to place the concrete. As each bucket reached its destination, it was then dumped, while seven puddles would use â€Å"shovels and rubber-booted feet to distribute the concrete† (Bureau of Reclamation, n. d. ). The forms were also fitted with pneumatic vibrator to make sure the concrete had no voids. Another problem with using the dry mix is that he curing process created heat. This made it difficult for the large sections of concrete to cure evenly. If concrete is not cured its strength will become brittle and start cracking. The uneven curing issue also led to the problem of staying on schedule. If the concrete did not set fast enough, the next section would not be able to be started. To address these problems the concrete sections were embedded with cooling pipes, to run water through the concrete. This helped to cool the concrete evenly and quickly. There was more than 580 miles of one inch pipe that was embedded throughout the dam. When the concrete was first poured it was initially cooled with river water. Then the chilled water circulated through the pipes to finish the cooling. Once each block cooled, the pipes would be cut off and pressure grouted. The final problem I will discuss is the rugged working conditions. The work was dangerous and hot. There were no official number about how many lives were lost from site accident, but it ranged for about 96 to 112 lives lost from accidents such as, heat stroke and heart failure, falling rocks, and blasting accidents. In the early phases of the construction there was a worker’s strike attempt that failed because of so many people willing to work during the depression, however the strike did bring attention to keeping workers hydrated more regularly. The Outcome At its completion, the Hoover Dam was the tallest dam in the world. It is a national land mark, and considered a modern marvel. â€Å"The Hoover Dam stands at a massive 725 feet high, 1244 feet wide, and measuring 660 feet thick at the base while tapering to 45 feet at the top† (Wilson, n. d. ). The dam had a total cost of $165 million to build and was completed two years ahead of schedule. The name of the dam has changed several times. The original name of the dam was Boulder Dam, because it was constructed at the base of Boulder Canyon. It later became known as Hoover Dam when Secretary of the Interior Ray L. Wilbur named it that during a strike diving ceremony, in honor of President Herbert Hoover. Then, in 1933 President Franklin D. Roosevelt‘s Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, changed it back to Boulder Dam. Fourteen years later, Congress changed the name back to Hoover Dam. References A Hoover Dam History Aerospace Engineering Courses page. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://aeweb. tamu. edu/whit/Classes/214_WEB/C_7_heatTransfer/A%20Hoover%20Dam%20History%20-%20Concrete. htm Barber, P. (09/28/2010). Hoover Dam Construction. Online Nevada Encyclopedia.